Bird Monitoring Data Exchange
Field Name
Description
GlobalUniqueIdentifier
A universal resource name for the global unique identifier for the specimen or observation record. The identifier should be the complete Uniform Resource Name (URN) for the record. In the absence of a persistent global unique identifier, construct one in the form "URN:catalog:[InstitutionCode]:[CollectionCode]:[CatalogNumber]".
DateLastModified
The last time when any of the data for the record were modified. Returns values as ISO 861 date and time in UTC(GMT). (see http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime). Data sources should use a native datetime data type, if possible.
BasisOfRecord
A descriptive term indicating whether the record represents an object or observation
InstitutionID
An identifier for the institution having custody of the object(s) or information referred to in the record.
InstitutionCode
The code (or acronym) identifying the institution administering the collection in which the organism record is cataloged. No global registry exists for institutional codes; use the code that is "standard" in your discipline.
CollectionCode
The code (or acronym) identifying the collection within the institution in which the organism record is cataloged (not applicable to AKNS).
CatalogNumber
The alphanumeric value identifying an individual organism record within the collection. It is highly recommended that each record is uniquely identified within a collection by this value. It is also recommended that each record is universally uniquely identified by the combination of InstitutionCode, CollectionCode and CatalogNumber.
ScientificName
The full name of the lowest level taxon to which the organism can be identified.
Family
The name of the family in which the organism is classified.
Genus
The name of the genus in which the organism is classified.
SpecificEpithet
The specific epithet of the scientific name applied to the organism.
InfraspecificEpithet
The infraspecific epithet of the scientific name applied to the object or observation.
ScientificNameAuthor
The author of the ScientificName. Can be more than one author in a concatenated string. Should be formatted according to the conventions of the applicable taxonomic discipline.
StateProvince
The full, unabbreviated name of the state, province, or region (i.e., the next smaller political region than Country) from which the organism was collected.
Country
The full, unabbreviated name of the country or major political unit from which the organism was collected.
Locality
The description of the locality where the organism was collected or the study area where it was observed. Need not contain geographic information provided in other geographic fields. Localities usually contain one or more places where observations/collections were made, identified by RouteIdentifiers (see below).
DecimalLatitude
The latitude of the location from which the organism was collected, expressed in decimal degrees.
DecimalLongitude
The longitude of the location from which the organism was collected, expressed in decimal degrees.
GeodeticDatum
The geodetic datum to which the latitude and longitude refer. If not known, use "not recorded". This concept should be vocabulary-controlled.
CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters
The upper limit of the distance (in meters) from the given latitude and longitude describing a circle within which the whole of the described locality must lie. Use NULL where the uncertainty is unknown, cannot be estimated, or is not applicable (because there are no coordinates).
YearCollected
The four digit year in the Common Era calendar in which the organism was collected from the field.
MonthCollected
The two digit month of year in the Common Era calendar during which the organism was collected from the field.
DayCollected
The two digit day of the month in the Common Era calendar during which the organism was collected from the field.
JulianDay
The ordinal day of the year (the number of days since December 31 of the previous year) on which the object or observation was collected. This value is derived from the YearCollected, MonthCollected, and DayCollected by the provider software.
Collector
The name(s) of the collector(s) of the original data for the object or observation.
Remarks
Free text comments accompanying the object or observation record.
ProtocolType
Broad category of protocol employed to make this observation
ProtocolCode
The code (or acronym) identifying the protocol used to collect the observation data, using standards defined within your discipline. This code is more specific to your exact protocol than the ProtocolType.
ProtocolSpeciesTargeted
A short description of the species or taxonomic group(s) targeted by the survey protocol.
ProtocolReference
A published reference describing the protocol used to collect the observation data.
ProtocolURL
The URL of the reference describing the protocol used to collect the observation data.
SurveyAreaSize
Size (ha) of the survey area.
TimeObservationsStarted
The time of day the entire observation event started (this may be different from the time when the observation represented by this single record was made), expressed as decimal hours from midnight, local time (e.g., 12. = noon, 13.5 = 1:3pm).
TimeObservationsEnded
The time of day the entire observation event ended (this may be different from the time when the observation represented by this single record was made), expressed as decimal hours from midnight, local time (e.g., 12. = noon, 13.5 = 1:3pm).
NumberOfObservers
The total number of observers who participated in the observation event.
EffortMeasurement1
A measure of the effort that was devoted to the observation event (up to 18 measures can be specified). Units are defined by the matching EffortUnits field.
EffortUnits1
Units of measurement for the matching effort field.
EffortMeasurement2
A measure of the effort that was devoted to the observation event (up to 18 measures can be specified). Units are defined by the matching EffortUnits field.
EffortUnits2
Units of measurement for the matching effort field.
EffortMeasurement3
A measure of the effort that was devoted to the observation event (up to 18 measures can be specified). Units are defined by the matching EffortUnits field.
EffortUnits3
Units of measurement for the matching effort field.
EffortMeasurement4
A measure of the effort that was devoted to the observation event (up to 18 measures can be specified). Units are defined by the matching EffortUnits field.
EffortUnits4
Units of measurement for the matching effort field.
EffortMeasurement5
A measure of the effort that was devoted to the observation event (up to 18 measures can be specified). Units are defined by the matching EffortUnits field.
EffortUnits5
Units of measurement for the matching effort field.
EffortMeasurement6
A measure of the effort that was devoted to the observation event (up to 18 measures can be specified). Units are defined by the matching EffortUnits field.
EffortUnits6
Units of measurement for the matching effort field.
NoObservations
This field is used to indicate cases when no individuals (among all species targeted by the survey protocol) were detected during a sampling event (possible values: NoObs or blank). The taxon name fields for NoObs records should be left blank.
ObservationCount
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event. In the case of presence/absence data, use 1 to indicate presence and indicate "Presence/Absence" under ObservationDescriptor
ObservationDescriptor
Descriptor that provides information on the type of count, the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. Use "Total Count" if the ObservationCount field contains the total count of all records for a given species, or "Presence/Absence" if the data reflects presence absence. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount2
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor2
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount3
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor3
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount4
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor4
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount5
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor5
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount6
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor6
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount7
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor7
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount8
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor8
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount9
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor9
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount10
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor10
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount11
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor11
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount12
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor12
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount13
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor13
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObservationCount14
Number of individuals detected or observed during this observation event - up to 14 Counts and Descriptors can be attributed to this record.
ObservationDescriptor14
Descriptor that provides information on the behavior or location of the individuals reported, using a standard vocabulary and/or format. "TotalCount" should ideally be restricted to ObservationCount only. Distance or time intervals should be entered using this format: -1 m, >1 m, -2 min., 2-5 min., etc. Other values could include age or sex classes (Adults, Juveniles, 1st Year, After 2nd Year, Males, Females, etc.), site classes (Flyover, Outside Sampling Area, Offshore, Shoreline, Inland, etc.), behavior (Singing, Calling, Sleeping, Feeding, etc.).
ObsCountAtLeast
Low value of a range count of individuals detected or observed during this observation event.
ObsCountAtMost
High value of a range count of individuals detected or observed during this observation event.
ObservationDate
Full date-time of this observation event (ISO 861 Format). Not necessary if DarwinCore YearCollected, MonthCollected, DayCollected, TimeCollected fields are completed, or if precise time or date is unknown.
DateUncertaintyInDays
Uncertainty of the ObservationDate (decimal days), for cases where exact observation date is unknown.
RecordPermissions
Permissions regarding the display and distribution of this record. Default value is 5 (public).
HabitatDescription
General description of the habitat within the survey area.
DateIdentified
The date of the observation, consisting of year, month, and day.
IdentifiedBy
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who assigned the Taxon to the subject.
AssociatedOccurrences
A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers of other Occurrence records and their associations to this Occurrence.
MeasurementAccuracy1
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue1
MeasurementAccuracy2
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue2
MeasurementAccuracy3
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue3
MeasurementAccuracy4
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue4
MeasurementAccuracy5
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue5
MeasurementAccuracy6
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue6
MeasurementAccuracy7
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue7
MeasurementAccuracy8
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue8
MeasurementAccuracy9
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue9
MeasurementAccuracy10
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue10
MeasurementAccuracy11
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue11
MeasurementAccuracy12
The description of the potential error associated with the OtherMeasurementValue12
MeasurementUnit1
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue1. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementUnit2
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue2. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementUnit3
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue3. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementUnit4
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue4. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementUnit5
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue5. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementUnit6
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue6. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementUnit7
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue7. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementUnit8
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue8. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementUnit9
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue9. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementUnit10
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue10. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementUnit11
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue11. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementUnit12
The units associated with the OtherMeasurementValue12. Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI).
MeasurementDeterminedBy1
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement1.
MeasurementDeterminedBy2
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement2
MeasurementDeterminedBy3
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement3
MeasurementDeterminedBy4
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement4
MeasurementDeterminedBy5
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement5
MeasurementDeterminedBy6
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement6
MeasurementDeterminedBy7
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement7
MeasurementDeterminedBy8
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement8
MeasurementDeterminedBy9
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement9
MeasurementDeterminedBy10
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement910
MeasurementDeterminedBy11
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement11
MeasurementDeterminedBy12
A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the OtherMeasurement12
MeasurementType1
The nature of OtherMeasurement1. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod1
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement1
MeasurementValue1
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter1
MeasurementType2
The nature of OtherMeasurement2. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod2
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement2
MeasurementValue2
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter2
MeasurementType3
The nature of OtherMeasurement3. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod3
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement3
MeasurementValue3
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter3
MeasurementType4
The nature of OtherMeasurement4. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod4
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement4
MeasurementValue4
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter4
MeasurementType5
The nature of OtherMeasurement5. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod5
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement5
MeasurementValue5
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter5
MeasurementType6
The nature of OtherMeasurement6. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod6
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement6
MeasurementValue6
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter6
MeasurementType7
The nature of OtherMeasurement7. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod7
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement7
MeasurementValue7
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter7
MeasurementType8
The nature of OtherMeasurement8. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod8
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement8
MeasurementValue8
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter8
MeasurementType9
The nature of OtherMeasurement9. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod9
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement9
MeasurementValue9
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter9
MeasurementType10
The nature of OtherMeasurement10. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod10
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement10
MeasurementValue10
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter10
MeasurementType11
The nature of OtherMeasurement11. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod11
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement11
MeasurementValue11
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter11
MeasurementType12
The nature of OtherMeasurement12. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
MeasurementMethod12
A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the OtherMeasurement12
MeasurementValue12
Value of OtherMeasurementParameter12