The best source of information on the population status of Mourning Dove is the Breeding Bird Survey (BBS), which has high coverage and precision for this species. The national BBS trend shows a large long-term increase in abundance since the early 1970s, with some apparently cyclical variation within that period. There is considerable variation in trends across regions: large increases have been observed in the Prairies, southern Ontario and Quebec, and the Maritimes, while little change has been observed in central Ontario and Quebec, and moderate to large decreases across multiple regions in western Canada. The Christmas Bird Count has medium reliability because it is less standardized, but it shows a very large long-term increase, presumably reflecting a northward expansion of the limits of the wintering range.

The goal for Mourning Dove is to remain at or above its recent population level, based on the Breeding Bird Survey. Trend data show that Mourning Dove is currently within its goal range.